MUHAMMADIYAH.OR.ID, YOGYAKARTA – A nearly century-old poster of Muhammadiyah’s 20th Congress held in Yogyakarta on May 8–16, 1931, is drawing attention after a recent reflection by Mark Woodward, Research Professor at the Center for the Study of Religion and Conflict, Arizona State University.
In a Facebook post on Monday, May 12, Woodward praised the poster’s design, calling it a beautiful example of Indonesian Art Deco. He also pointed out that beyond its artistic value, the poster carried a subtle anti-colonial message that may have gone unnoticed at the time.
Muhammadiyah, founded in Yogyakarta in 1912, has grown into a major Islamic organization with strong networks in education, healthcare, and social services. Its influence extends beyond Indonesia, with branches in Australia, Egypt, Malaysia, Singapore, the Netherlands, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
The 1931 Congress in Yogyakarta was a key moment in Muhammadiyah journey, showing how the organization embraced modern approaches to support Muslim progress. According to Woodward, the poster from the event reflects this vision through its stylish Art Deco design, a popular trend in the West during the 1920s and 1930s known for its clean lines and modern look.
Moreover, the poster’s message went deeper than aesthetics. It featured an image of Prince Diponegoro, a national hero from Yogyakarta who led a major resistance against Dutch colonial rule during the Java War (1825–1830). In the artwork, Diponegoro is shown pointing toward the Kauman Grand Mosque, where Muhammadiyah was founded, suggesting that the spirit of resistance he started would continue through the religious and national efforts of Muhammadiyah.
What makes the poster especially significant is how it delivered this message without drawing the attention or censorship of the Dutch colonial government. Because the symbolism was subtle, the congress was able to proceed without disruption. This clever use of art allowed Muhammadiyah to express resistance in a way that was both bold and safe.
Woodward’s remarks remind us that the 1931 Muhammadiyah Congress poster is more than just a piece of history. It represents a blend of faith, culture, and nationalism—values that Muhammadiyah continues to uphold today. The poster’s powerful message and timeless design remain a source of inspiration nearly a century later.
